Fifteen years ago, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) included a provision for a Unique National Identifier to streamline sharing of patient records across enterprises. Although experts described the identifier as a critical building block of electric health records and essential to achieving quality and safety goals, the privacy lobby persuaded Congress to repeal the provision one year later. Today, as the U.S. pushes toward a National Health Information Network (NHIN) and universal EHRs, lawmakers are eerily quiet on the issue.